Behind the musical evolution of Outside Pedestrian’s arrangement of Bach’s “Jesu Joy of Man’s Desiring” (Exploring process of remote creative collaboration)

The last “Ask O.P.” focused on some of the technical challenges we encountered in creating our remote performance video of our arrangement of J.S. Bach’ “Jesu, Joy of Man’s Desiring.” In this post, we will discuss some of the creative challenges of working remotely.

Why “Jesu?”

At the outset of the 2020 holiday season, we had already created a virtual performance of “Two By Two” from our “Reclaimed” record and had reunited with our original drummer, Steve Tashjian, to record new versions of “Southern California Highway Song” and “Northern California Highway Song” from our first record, “Pedestrian Crossing.” After creating virtual performance videos for both of those songs, we wanted to continue exploring this format but did not have any new material and did not want to simply redo another tune. We decided to take a recognizable but not overplayed holiday song and create our own version of it.

Bach’s “Jesu, Joy of Man’s Desiring” checked several boxes for us. We liked the idea of taking a classical (Baroque era) work and writing a contemporary-sounding arrangement of it; this is in keeping with the trio’s mission statement of modern eclecticism. Both Anthony Fesmire and David Lockeretz have enjoyed exploring the works of J.S. Bach, absorbing his influence as a composer and challenging themselves by playing the difficult melodic lines for which he is famous. Over the summer, the guitarist and bassist recorded virtual duets of two of Bach’s two-part inventions. “Jesu” seemed to be a logical continuation. 

The original arrangement

While the final arrangement featured a minor key guitar solo, the original version modulated to E-flat major. The modulation was set up by the final V7 chord (D7) of the first section, moving up half a step to the new key. The same idea was used to transfer to the bass solo: the V7 chord (Bb7) in measure 50 set up the move a half-step higher to the new key of B. With F#7 being the V7 chord in the key of B, the same method could have been used to return to the home key of G major. However, we opted for a drum solo (8 bars open, 8 bars over a melodic figure) before returning to the recapitulation of the melody.

The changes

The first change was to simplify the chord progression for the guitar solo.

The change from major to minor

On one of the Zoom calls in which we discussed the arrangement, the idea of changing the guitar solo to a minor key was brought up. The goal was to create tonal and harmonica variety in a way often done by Bach himself, as seen in this example from the original composition, where the music has left the home key of G major for the new key of A minor.

There was also a debate about whether the drum solo should stay. 

After trying a few different things, a drum solo was decided upon and the drum parts for the guitar and bass solo were scrutinized more closely.

Recording logistics also played a role in fine-tuning the arrangement and performance direction.

After a few more exchanges, the arrangement, performances and mixes were finalized.

Finally, the music was mixed and mastered, the videos were made and it was all put together.

David Lockeretz: “It was challenging but rewarding, both creatively and technologically. Musically, it laid the groundwork for us to explore new ways of collaborating as well as for exploring new interpretations of the classical repertoire. We’re all looking forward to being able to record and perform together in person, but in the mean time, we’re grateful to be able to keep our musical connection alive remotely and continue to create new music to share.”

“If I’m a pop/rock songwriter, should I still learn about music theory?”

Guest writers are always welcome to contribute to “Ask OP” as we value the diversity of perspectives and experiences and aim to make this section of the site as valuable and interesting as possible. We are proud to welcome Greg Daulton for this post. Originally a self-described “metal guy from Oakland”, Greg hadn’t studied any theory before attending Berklee College of Music, where “having to play catch-up” forced him to find “practical application of the techniques and theory studied,” which in turn influenced his philosophy as an educator. At Berklee, he completed an honors degree in film scoring. Currently Greg lives in Orange County and is the founder of The Rock Band Experience, a program where students form bands, write and perform original music. Greg is also the author of “The Complete Guide to Modern Songwriting.” He can be reached by email for more information about his projects.

One question I get asked all the time from aspiring musicians and students is:

“If I’m going to be a rock/pop star why do I need to know music theory?”

While the mention of music theory may seem intimidating to the emerging musician, it doesn’t necessary refer to the studies of fugue or species counterpoint. True, countless bands have put out tons of great music with little to no formal education but the techniques employed by these artists generally DO tend to follow the concepts studied in music theory whether they know it or not. No matter what instrument you play, understanding and applying theory can help you and your bandmates sound better.

Johnny Cash once said, “There’s no money past the third fret.” However, guitarists who can spell and construct chords will discover that the same shapes found in open chords may be played anywhere on the fretboard. This broadens the guitarist’s palette by facilitating different voicings in different registers and it also enables branching out beyond the common keys of “A”, “C”, “D”, “E” and “G”, providing a good weapon against songwriter’s block.

Understanding the characteristic sound and construction of scales and being fluent with them can help guitarists, keyboardists and bassists elaborate on musical ideas when playing lead or accompanying melodies. By understanding the relationship of diatonic notes to non-diatonic notes, musicians acquire the ability to create tension and release, add dissonance and make their ideas more vibrant.

Do drummers get a free pass from learning theory? Absolutely not! At the very least, a good drummer understands song form and can set up choruses, pre-choruses and other sections appropriately. Understanding beat placement and subdivisions is also important; supposedly Pete Best’s inability to play anything other than quarter notes on his bass drum was one of the reasons he was fired from the Beatles. Good drummers are adept with, or at least have an understanding of, odd times and polyrhythms; many working cover bands play songs such as Pink Floyd’s “Money” (7/4 time) and Led Zeppelin’s “Kashmir” (3/4 over 4/4). In the Doors’ “Light My Fire”, drummer John Densmore accents organist Ray Manzarek’s solo with some polyrhythmic figures, helping to build excitement. Lastly, remember that since drummers are often the butt of musician jokes (“how do you know when the stage is level? The drool comes out of both sides of the drummer’s mouth”) you can do your percussionist brothers and sisters proud by mastering theory and out-geeking your lead guitarist.

Each instrumentalist has their own contribution to make to the group’s collective sound: the bass line connects the drum beat and the harmony while the harmony connects the rhythm section to the melodic lines. Players who understand the inner workings of music can help their band break away from the traditional formulas of pop and rock and help create memorable exciting music that stands out from the masses.

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